![]() ![]() In the early 1990s, Krag et al successfully used radionuclide tracing, and Giuliano et al used isosulfan blue dye in SLNB of breast cancer. The SLN concept originated from clinical studies in penile cancer, and the term is defined as one or a group of lymph nodes that first receive regional lymphatic drainage from the tumor and then develop tumor metastasis. ![]() To standardize the SLNB techniques for breast cancer, the Chinese Society of Breast Surgery (CSBrS) re-evaluated the quality of evidence for clinical studies of SLNB for breast cancer, referring to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE), and developed the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Patients with Early-Stage Breast Cancer: CSBrS Practice Guidelines 2021, in accordance with the Expert Consensus and Technical Operational Guidelines for Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy guided by blue dye alone in Early Breast Cancer (2018) combined with data from clinical practice in breast surgery in China, providing a reference for breast surgeons in clinical practice in China.īased on high-level prospective randomized controlled clinical trials, observational studies or meta-analyses with large sample sizes, internationally-recognized current guidelines and consensus statements, published guidelines and consensus statements from national societies or associationsīased on low-level randomized clinical trials, well-designed non-controlled trials or cohort studies, inter-continental professional association guidelines and international conference expert consensus statements, published guidelines and consensus statements from national regional societies or associationsīased on case-control studies or retrospective studies, published guidelines and consensus statements from national professional associations, and provincial societies or associationsīased on case reports, scientific hypotheses, regional expert consensus statements and published guidelines and consensus statements from national local societies or associations Common mapping methods for SLNB include blue dye, radioisotopes, a combination of blue dye and radioisotopes, and fluorescence imaging. Studies have shown that sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has the advantages of fewer complications and less trauma than conventional axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). Axillary lymph node assessment is one of the important indicators in the clinical pathological staging of breast cancer. ![]()
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